Hatha Yoga Sadhana – Six Major Obstacles In Progress
The word Hatha is the union of two words: ‘Ha’ and ‘tha’. ‘Ha’ means the sun which is a pranic force and ‘tha’ means the moon which is the mental energy or the apana. Hath yoga is the process of uniting the prana and apana, that is, the pranic and mental energy in the body, to bring perfect physical and mental equilibrium. This further result in the awakening of Sushumna and then kundalini. According to Hatha Yoga, there are six major factors which prevent the union, or the joining of two major forces in the body, from occurring. The two major energy forces viz: the pranic force and the mental force do flow in Pingala and Ida Nadis respectively. When a sadhaka is in the process of uniting the two opposite forces, he must avoid all activities which waste energy and distract the mind. In Hatha Yoga Pradipika, it is written:
Atyaahaarah prayaasshva prajalpo niyamagrahah;
Janasangashcha laulyam cha shadbhiryogo vinashyati
Which means: Overeating, exertion, talkativeness, adhering to rules, being in the company of common people and unsteadiness are the six causes which destroy yoga.
Overeating
Overeating is one major obstacle to yoga or union. Due to overeating, the body gets overloaded with food. This causes the body to become sluggish and the mind becomes dull. Over a period of time toxins build up in the body, constipation sets in and the whole physical and mental system becomes blocked. In such a case, when the body is full of toxins and gets lethargic, it is not possible for one to make progress in sadhana. All the sadhana time will just be spent on removing toxins from the body. Avoiding overeating will help a student to progress more quickly as the extra time that he was to spend on removing the toxins will be saved. Swami Sivananda, Hatha Yogi Nikam Guruji, and many other yogis have said that the stomach should be half filled with food, one quarter with water and one quarter with air.
Exertion
Exertion is the next obstruction for a sadhaka of Hatha Yoga. He should avoid overexerting or overstraining both the body and the mind. Hard physical labor or intense mental work taxes the energy system concerned and instead of bringing equilibrium in the pranic force and the mental force, it will only create a further imbalance between the two forces. A Hatha Yogi should conserve and build up his store of energy for spiritual purposes instead of wasting it in performing any unnecessary physical or mental feats.
Talkativeness
Too much talking is never good for a Yogi as it dissipates a lot of vital energy and wastes time which could be better spent in sadhana for awakening the inner awareness. A Hatha Yogi should avoid gossiping with people who like to get involved in baseless discussions, have low morals, low consciousness and are full of sensuous desires. Their association can result in their negative vibrations affecting the sadhana of the Yogi. Irrelevant discussions distract the mind from higher goals.
Adhering to Rules
A student of yoga should not adhere to strict rules and regulations. Adhering to rules will only result in making him narrow minded. The social rituals and religious doctrines are not for a true sadhaka and never required to be maintained for spiritual progress. Sadhana is not dependent on social morals. It is meant to expand consciousness, not to limit it. A yogi should have a free and open mind. His mind should be flexible and able to adjust to circumstances, whatever they be.
Company of common people
A yogi is most suited to live either in solitude or associate himself with people of higher thinking. Association with common people will only be an obstruction in his regular sadhana. The vibrations and energy that has been built up by the regular practice of Yoga will only keep on dissipating while in the company of common people. If a sadhaka can spend some time alone such obstacles can be avoided naturally.
Unsteadiness
Unsteadiness can be both on either physical plane or mental plane. It means an imbalanced body metabolism. It is inability to hold a Yoga Posture for a good period of time and also a wavering mind. A yoga sadhaka cannot succeed in practice under such conditions. This will only result in energy getting dispersed. At the same time, if the energy is properly channeled, all the bodily systems become stable and physical and mental steadiness develops automatically. Unsteadiness also means an inconsistency and irregularity in lifestyle. It also can be referred to as wavering of willpower. When there is inconsistency and irregularity in lifestyle, a further imbalance in the body will ensue. A steady mind and a steady body will help in advancement in yogic sadhana. A Yogi must try to develop the habit of avoiding all activities which are useless, time-consuming and energy depleting, and channel all the desires and actions into spiritual ventures. His practice can prosper fast if he obtains a Guru or a Master of Yoga and practices under her guidance to master the science of Hatha Yoga. Apart from these obstacles mentioned above, the “Tantraraja Tantra” mentions that the six obstacles to yoga are kama (lust), krodha (anger), lobha (greed), moha (infatuation), abhimana (pride), and mada (arrogance). The six obstacles described in hatha yoga and in tantra are interwoven and interlinked.
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